Cockatoo chases off a falcon
I was walking along a bush path at Manly Dam when I heard a cockatoo making a big fuss on the other side of the creek that feeds into the dam. I looked across the water in time to see the cockatoo leaping off its perch and launching itself towards a branch not far away. As the cockatoo landed on its new perch, a dark shape took off from that same branch and floated away to another tree.
I grabbed my camera and zoomed in on the bird that the cockatoo had chased off. It was a Nankeen Kestrel:
It looks like a female bird, with its light-coloured head and the dark-grey “tear mark” going down vertically from its eye.
Common name: Nankeen Kestrel
Scientific name: Falco cenchroides
Length: 30-35 cm; wing span: 60-80 cm
Date spotted: 29 January 2026 (summer)
Location: Manly Dam Park, New South Wales, Australia: 33°46’19.8″S 151°14’35.5″E
The Sulphur-crested Cockatoo looked very pleased with itself, now owning the area where the hawk had been resting:
Common name: Sulphur-crested Cockatoo
Scientific name: Cacatua galerita
Approximate length: 50 cm; wing span: up to 103 cm
It takes a brave bird to attack a falcon. On the other hand, it takes a brave bird to stand up to a cockatoo, especially when the cockatoo is bigger than you. I think the falcon was vulnerable as it was perched on a branch. If it had been in the air, the cockatoo might have come off worse.
The photos aren’t very clear, since the birds were far away on the opposite side of the dam. Still, they’re good enough to identify the birds.
After a couple of minutes of enduring the cockatoo’s screeching and prancing, the kestrel decided enough was enough. It floated away in search of a quieter location:
Nankeen Kestrels are small falcons, quite common in Australia. They feed on small mammals and birds, reptiles, and insects.
This is only the second time that I’ve spotted a Nankeen Kestrel. My first sighting was of a male bird in Victoria.
Happy bush-walking all!
My first Nankeen Kestrel
According to my bird book, Nankeen Kestrels are common in mainland Australia. Still, this is the first time I’ve spotted one. The bird has a distinctive light-coloured tail with dark tips to the tail feathers:
The bird was very far away, flying and diving above a valley in the Victorian Alps. For that reason, the photos aren’t great. But I do want to record the sighting!
Common name: Nankeen Kestrel
Scientific name: Falco cenchroides
Length: 30-35 cm; wing span: 60-80 cm
Date spotted: 27 December 2025 (summer)
Location: Blue Rag Range Track, Victoria, Australia: 37°06’13.4″S 147°04’00.4″E
Big baby! Koel cuckoo fed by Red Wattlebird
It’s cuckoo season here on the east coast of Australia. We have several types of cuckoos that migrate to our shores for the summer months and get the local birds to feed their young. That’s right! Cuckoos lay their eggs in some other bird’s nest and fly away free as a … well, as a bird. The adoptive parent is often much smaller than the baby cuckoo, but it’s hornswoggled into feeding the youngster until the cuckoo is old enough to take care of itself.
One of the cuckoos that come to our shores is the Common Koel, also called the Eastern Koel. A couple of days ago, I saw a young Koel being fed by a Red Wattlebird:
In the video, you can hear the juvenile Koel chirping repeatedly, begging for food.
Here’s a photo of the big baby:
Adult Koels make quite a variety of sounds, including loud squawks and more melodic whistles. You can hear them in the video in this post. And you can see some shots of male and female adult Koels in other posts.
Common name: Common Koel, Pacific Koel, or Eastern Koel
Scientific name: Eudynamys orientalis (was scolopacea)
Approximate length: 45 cm
Date spotted: 3 December 2025 (summer)
Location: Manly Dam Park, New South Wales, Australia: 33°46’57.5″S 151°15’20.8″E
Golden Whistler calling – a short video
This morning, a Golden Whistler stayed in one spot for long enough for me to get out my camera and record a few seconds of his song. So, for your enjoyment, here it is!
Golden Whistlers are small birds, about the size of a wren. They have a black head and a white bib, and the golden chest, underbelly, and collar that give them the first part of their name. The second part of the name comes from their lovely whistling calls. I’ve published more videos and pictures of previous sightings.
Common name: Golden Whistler
Scientific name: Pachycephala pectoralis
Approximate length: 16-18 cm
Date spotted: 3 December 2025 (summer)
Location: Manly Dam Reserve, New South Wales, Australia: 33°46’45.0″S 151°14’54.2″E
Lone cygnet for this Black Swan couple
A pair of Black Swans in my neighbourhood has a single cygnet this year. Baby black swans are so cute! An adorable bundle of grey-cream fluff with black beaks, eyes, and legs:
I don’t know how many eggs there were in the brood, nor how many of them hatched. Alas, baby swans are prey to several natural predators, especially hawks and eagles, as well as to introduced animals like dogs, cats, and foxes.
Here’s the baby and one of the adults, in a lovely mellow lighting:
It’s good to see any young swans at all — I didn’t spot any last year. In fact, I watched a pair of swans devotedly tend their nest for eight months without hatching any eggs! It’s possible they were both males, practising their nesting skills together in the absence of any females. I wrote about their vigil in two posts: part 1 and part 2.
So it’s great to see these two adults looking after the little one:
Common name: Black Swan
Scientific name: Cygnus atratus
Approximate length of adult bird: 120 cm
Date spotted: 25 November 2025 (spring)
Approximate location: Sydney’s Northern Beaches, New South Wales, Australia
Mudlarks building nest of mud
A few weeks ago, I watched a pair of Mudlarks building their nest. Mudlarks get their name from their construction of nests made of mud and reeds. Despite their name, Mudlarks are not larks. Another name for them is Magpie-larks — but they’re not Magpies either! Yet another name for them is Peewees, which is an imitation of the noise they make: pee-wee, pee-wee.
Building a good nest takes a lot of patience and skill. The birds use their beaks to pile globules of mud on top of each other to form a bowl, increasing the circumference of the bowl with each layer. Every now and then, the birds sit in the growing nest and wiggle their bodies around to smooth out the inside and make sure the nest is the right size and shape. Watch this video to see the nest-building:
The birds collect mud and reeds from a nearby river or lake. Here’s a pair of them (male and female) collecting reeds at Manly Dam in NSW, Australia:
Here’s the female sitting in the nest, making sure it’s the right size and shape:
Here’s a still shot of the male gathering mud and reeds:
Common name: Magpie-lark, also called a Peewee or a Mudlark
Scientific name: Grallina cyanoleuca
Approximate length: 30 cm
Date spotted: 18 September 2025 (spring)
Location: Manly Dam National Park, New South Wales, Australia
My first Leaden Flycatcher
I spotted an interesting bird at Manly North Head a few days ago. It had prominent whiskers (actually, they’re rictal bristles), a chestnut breast and white belly, and large eyes:
Was it a Spectacled Monarch? A Rufous Whistler? Maybe a female Flame Robin or Scarlet Robin? Eventually I asked the Australian Birds community on Reddit and received a likely identification: a female Leaden Flycatcher. This is a first sighting for me!
Leaden Flycatchers are common in north eastern Australia. They migrate southwards in the summer, but are uncommon in the south east where I am.
The whiskers around the beak are actually rictal bristles. They’re feathers that are modified to be sensors, helping the bird capture flying insects. After all, the bird has to earn its name, “flycatcher”!
Unfortunately, it was early morning and the bird was silhouetted against the sky, so I couldn’t get a good photo. These are the best I have.
Here’s another shot of the front of the bird:
Common name: Leaden Flycatcher
Scientific name: Myiagra rubecula
Approximate length: 15-16 cm
Date spotted: 9 October 2025 (spring)
Location: Manly North Head, Sydney Harbour National Park, New South Wales, Australia: 33°48’58.5″S 151°17’56.6″E
Brush-turkey mound: I think she likes it!
Here’s a male Australian Brush-turkey showing a lady around his mound. The male is the one in front, with the bright yellow pouch dangling around his neck:
This particular Brush-turkey has been perfecting his mound for weeks. It’s good to see he’s getting some interest. Both birds are looking smart in their spring plumage.
This second picture is for scale, to show the size of the mound relative to some tree trunks and a fire gate:
The male builds and maintains the mound and invites a female to it. If she’s impressed, the female consents to mate with him and then lays her eggs in the mound. The eggs incubate and hatch without help, and the chicks emerge ready to take on the world.
Common name: Australian Brush-turkey
Scientific name: Alectura lathami
Approximate length: 60-70 cm
Date spotted: 23 September 2025 (spring)
Location: Manly Dam, New South Wales, Australia: 33°46’55.5″S 151°15’09.6″E
Alas, butcherbirds nest abandoned when tree fern sprouted
In my previous post, I wrote about a pair of Grey Butcherbirds that had built their nest in a tree fern below our house. The problem with tree ferns is that they sprout new fronds from the centre of the trunk, exactly where the birds had built their nest.
The photos of the nest in my earlier post were taken on the 18th of September. Just a few days later, the tree fern did indeed sprout a new frond, putting the nest at an uncomfortable angle. Still, the butcherbirds persevered. This photo, taken on the 25th of September shows one of the birds sitting determinedly on a very slanted nest, which presumably still contained the three eggs:
Just a day later, the birds had abandoned the nest. I don’t know if the eggs were still in the nest. The tree fern is way too high for me to go up and take a look:
By yesterday, the 5th of October, the new fern frond had pushed the nest to the top of the canopy:
Never mind little butcherbirds, there’s still plenty of time left this season to try again. Or next year perhaps.
Perhaps they’ll have learned something about real estate from this experience. Grey Butcherbirds live for around 20 years, so there’s plenty of time for learning!
Common name: Grey Butcherbird
Scientific name: Cracticus torquatus
Approximate length: 30 cm
Date spotted: 18 September to 5 October 2025 (spring)
Location: Allambie Heights, NSW, Australia
Butcherbird nest in tree fern – hope it survives
A pair of Grey Butcherbirds have built their nest in a tree fern below our house. The problem with tree ferns is that they sprout new fronds from the centre of the trunk, exactly where the nest is now. And these are big fronds! I hope the butcherbirds manage to hatch the eggs and raise their young before the next sprouting happens.
Here’s the nest with a butcherbird sitting on the eggs:
There are at least two eggs, maybe three, in the nest. Here’s a shot taken when the nest was briefly unattended:
Here’s another shot of the bird on the nest, not as closely zoomed in:
This is the tree fern, as seen from my window without zooming in:
It’s interesting to see that inexperienced avian parents can make mistakes about where to place their nests. A while ago, a Red Wattlebird nest appeared in a similar tree fern in another area of our garden. Alas, that nest was very soon skewed and then skewered by a new frond, and had to be abandoned. However, a family of Noisy Miners was more successful.
Grey Butcherbirds incubate the eggs for about 25 days, and the fledgelings leave the nest after about four weeks. Evidently Grey Butcherbirds live around 20 years. That’s a long time, and gives them plenty of time to learn about the best place to build their homes.
Good luck, little butcherbirds!
Common name: Grey Butcherbird
Scientific name: Cracticus torquatus
Approximate length: 30 cm
Date spotted: 18 September 2025 (spring)
Location: Allambie Heights, NSW, Australia
Sydney Birder 